Definitions
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STANDARD
CHAPTER 2 – DEFINITIONS
SECTION 201 – GENERAL 201.1 General. For the purposes of this standard, the terms listed in Section 202 shall have the indicated meaning. 201.2 Undefined terms. The terms not specifically defined in this standard or in standards referenced herein shall have ordinarily accepted meanings such as the context implies. SECTION 202 – DEFINITIONS APPROVED. Approved by the building official or other authority having jurisdiction. AVERAGE GRADE. A reference plane representing the average of finished ground level adjoining the building at all exterior walls. When the finished ground level slopes away from the exterior walls, the reference plane shall be established by the lowest points within the area between the building and the lot line or between the building and a point 6 feet (1829 mm) from the building, whichever is closer to the building. BALLOON-FRAME CONSTRUCTION. Construction in which the exterior wall studs extend the full height of the building from foundation plate to rafter plate. BOND BEAM. One or more courses of masonry units grouted solid; cast-in-place concrete; or composite precast/cast-in-place concrete, reinforced with longitudinal reinforcement. BUILDING LENGTH (L). The dimension of exterior walls perpendicular to the span of roof rafters or trusses [see Figure 202(1)]. BUILDING WIDTH (W). The dimension of exterior walls parallel to the span of roof rafters or trusses [see Figure 202(1)]. CEILING HEIGHT. Nominal distance measured at the sidewall between top of floor and bottom surface of ceiling above that is directly attached to roof/floor framing system [see Figure 202(1)]. CONCRETE COVER, SPECIFIED. The distance from the outer most surface of embedded reinforcement and the closest outer surface of concrete indicated on the construction documents. CONTINUOUS (REINFORCING STEEL). Refers to lengths of reinforcing steel spliced together to act as a single unit, providing an uninterrupted connection capable of developing the full strength of the bar. DIAPHRAGM. A flat structural unit acting like a deep thin beam. DRAG STRUT. A structural member that transfers axial loads between adjacent shear-resisting elements. Bond beams, top plates, joists, girders and truss chords may be used as drag struts provided connections at each end of the drag strut are capable of transferring loads (see Section 105). END WALL. An exterior wall parallel to the primary floor and roof framing direction [see Figure 202(1)]. |
GUIDE
CHAPTER 2 – DEFINITIONS
R2.1 – Definitions Note that the building length is the dimension of the building perpendicular to the span of the roof trusses or rafters and that the building widths is parallel to the span of the roof rafters or trusses. The length therefore can be shorter than the width. Sidewalls run the length of the building and endwalls run the width of the building. See Figure 202(1) of the Standard. GROUT. A mixture of cementitious material and aggregate to which water is added to provide desired slump. Coarse grout. A mixture of Portland cement, sand, pea gravel and water. Fine grout. A mixture of Portland cement, sand and water. HIGH-WIND REGION. Areas where the ultimate design wind speed equals or exceeds 120 miles per hour (52.8 m/s). HURRICANE-PRONE REGIONS. Areas vulnerable to hurricanes, defined as the U.S. Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico coasts where the ultimate design wind speed, V, is greater than 115 miles per hour (51 m/s), and Hawaii, Puerto Rico, Guam, Virgin Islands and America Samoa. INSULATED CONCRETE FORM (ICF). A concrete forming system using stay-in-place forms of rigid foam plastic insulation, a hybrid of cement and foam insulation, a hybrid of cement and wood chips, or other insulating material for constructing cast-in-place concrete walls. INTERIOR SHEAR WALL. A shear wall located in the interior of the building; i.e., not an end wall or sidewall. LINTEL. A beam placed over an opening in a wall. MASONRY. A form of construction composed of concrete masonry units or clay masonry units laid up unit by unit and set in mortar. MASONRY COVER. Protective covering for reinforcement consisting of masonry units, grout, or mortar or a combination thereof. MEAN ROOF HEIGHT. The distance from average grade to the average roof elevation [see Figures 102(1), 102(2) and 102(3)]. OVERHANG. Projection of a roof beyond the wall below. Eave overhang. Projection of a roof beyond the sidewall. Rake overhang. Projection of a roof beyond the gable end wall. RUNNING BOND. The placement of masonry units such that head joints in successive courses are horizontally offset at least one quarter of the unit length. STACK BOND. The placement of masonry units in a bond pattern such that head joints in successive courses are vertically aligned. For the purpose of this standard, requirements for stack bond shall apply to all masonry laid in other than running bond. SHEAR WALL. A wall or portion of a wall used to resist horizontal forces parallel to the wall (in-plane shear) [see Figure 405(8)]. SHEAR WALL PIER. Portion of a shear wall segment adjacent to and equal in height to the opening with the shortest height on either side of the shear wall segment [see Figure 403(7)]. SHEAR WALL SEGMENT or SHEAR SEGMENT. Portion of a shear wall between openings extending between horizontal diaphragms and/or floor designed to resist in-plane shear (shear parallel to the wall) [see Figure 403(7)]. SIDEWALL. An exterior wall perpendicular to the primary floor and roof framing direction [see Figure 202(1)]. STANDARD 90-DEGREE HOOK. Reinforcing steel which ends in a 90-degree (1.57 rad) bend plus extension beyond the bend. STANDARD 180-DEGREE HOOK. Reinforcing steel which ends in a 180-degree (3.14 rad) bend plus a minimum extension beyond the bend. STORY. The portion of a building included between the upper surface of a floor and upper surface of the roof or floor above. ULTIMATE DESIGN WIND SPEED. The three-second gust wind speed in miles per hour (kilometers per second) at 33 feet (10 meters) above ground in Exposure C conditions, as given in Figure 301(1) or as established by the building official or other authority having jurisdiction. WINDBORNE DEBRIS REGION. Areas within hurricane-prone regions located in accordance with one of the following:
WYTHE. Each continuous vertical section of a masonry wall one masonry unit in thickness. |